The E type thermocouple senor is a high-precision temperature sensor based on the Seebeck Effect, consisting of a nickel chromium alloy (Chromel, positive electrode) and a copper nickel alloy (Constantan, negative electrode). It is known for its wide temperature measurement range, high sensitivity, and excellent stability, and is widely used in industry, scientific research, and temperature monitoring in extreme environments.
Introduction to E-type Thermocouple Products
1、 Overview
The E type thermocouple senor is a high-precision temperature sensor based on the Seebeck Effect, consisting of a nickel chromium alloy (Chromel, positive electrode) and a copper nickel alloy (Constantan, negative electrode). It is known for its wide temperature measurement range, high sensitivity, and excellent stability, and is widely used in industry, scientific research, and temperature monitoring in extreme environments.
2、 Core parameters
Parameter specifications
Temperature measurement range -200 ° C to+900 ° C (short-term peak up to 1000 ° C)
Sensitivity of 68 µ V/° C (highest across the entire range, over 35% higher than K/J type)
Standard accuracy ± 1.7 ° C or ± 0.5% (0 ° C to 900 ° C); Low temperature range ± 1.7 ° C (-200 ° C to 0 ° C)
International standard IEC 60584-1 ASTM E230、GB/T 16839
Wire diameter 0.2mm~3.0mm (optional armor/bare wire)
Response time exposed type: 0.05~1 second (in gas); With protective tube: 1-30 seconds (depending on material and diameter)
3、 Materials and Structure
Positive electrode (EP): Nickel chromium alloy (Chromel, 90% Ni+10% Cr)
Negative electrode (EN): Copper nickel alloy (Constantan, 55% Cu+45% Ni)
Insulation layer: magnesium oxide (MgO) or ceramic (temperature resistance above 1800 ° C)
Sheath material: 304 stainless steel (universal), Inconel 600 (high temperature), tantalum (strong corrosive environment)
4、 Unique advantages
High sensitivity
The output signal of 68 µ V/° C far exceeds that of K-type (41 µ V/° C) and J-type (55 µ V/° C), making it particularly suitable for detecting small temperature differences (such as laboratory precision instruments).
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Wide temperature adaptability
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Excellent low-temperature performance:- At 200 ° C, the error is only ± 1.7 ° C, which is better than the T-type thermocouple (copper constantan).
High temperature oxidation resistance: Its stability is better than that of J-type (iron constantan) in an oxidizing atmosphere.
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Corrosion resistance
The negative electrode material Constantan has strong resistance to weak acid and alkaline environments and is suitable for chemical reaction vessels and food processing equipment.
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High cost-effectiveness
The cost is lower than that of precious metal thermocouples (such as S-type platinum rhodium), and it can be directly connected to PLC or DAQ systems without the need for external amplification circuits.
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5、 Application scenarios
Industrial sector
Metallurgy: Temperature monitoring of continuous casting machine crystallizer (800~900 ° C)
Energy: Gas turbine exhaust temperature detection (requires Inconel sheath)
Research field
Low temperature experiment of superconducting materials (with liquid nitrogen cooling system)
Spacecraft thermal vacuum test (-150 ° C to+250 ° C cycle)
In the field of people's livelihood
Food sterilization equipment (high-pressure steam environment, temperature error<± 1 ° C)
Medical cryogenic storage (-80 ° C ultra-low temperature refrigerator)
6、 Selection Guide
Model Example Applicable Scenarios Recommended Configuration
E-3M-1000-SS304 Universal Industrial Furnace (0~800 ° C) 3mm Armor, Stainless Steel Sheath, Double Hole Ceramic Insulation
E-1.5M-200 Inconel Aircraft Engine Test (High Temperature Corrosion Environment) 1.5mm Micro Probe, Inconel 600 Sheath
E-FEP-260 Strong acid environment (such as electroplating tank) with FEP insulation and tantalum protection tube
7、 Installation and maintenance
Installation points
Avoid mechanical stress: bending radius ≥ 5 times the wire diameter to prevent thermocouple wire breakage.
Cold end compensation: It needs to be combined with a freeze point sensor or electronic compensation module (such as MAX31855).
Maintenance suggestions
Regular calibration: Verify accuracy every 6 months using a dry well furnace (refer to ASTM E2847).
Pollution treatment: If the negative electrode oxidizes and turns black, clean it with 10% hydrochloric acid and wipe it with alcohol.
8、 Frequently Asked Questions and Answers
Q1: Does the output signal fluctuate greatly?
Reason: Cold end not compensated or electromagnetic interference (such as near the frequency converter).
Solution: Install a shielding layer and use an isolated temperature transmitter.
Q2: Short lifespan in high temperature range?
Reason: The sheath material is not resistant to oxidation (such as misuse of 304 stainless steel above 900 ° C).
Solution: Replace Inconel 601 sheath or ceramic coated probe.
9、 Summary
E type thermocouple senor are an ideal choice for medium and low temperature measurements due to their high sensitivity, wide range, and strong environmental adaptability. Customized designs for different working conditions, such as miniaturized probes or special sheath materials, can further optimize performance and cost. For extreme environmental scenarios such as nuclear radiation or ultra-high voltage, it is recommended to use a dedicated signal conditioning module.
